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(No Medel.)

M, WJDEWLY. METHOD 0F ELEGTRG WELDIG;

Nm 435,643. Pafwam Seps., 4, M903,

w on steaenss, New yoen, Assionon To Ten DEWEY' eoseonirrion, on sinnePLACE.

ateneo@ oe eiegieie Weisen-ne.

dhliiiJH-IICATEON forming part of Letters etent No. 435,643, datedSeptember $2, 1890.

Applicata ined .me 12, 1890. seas No. 355,258. (no model.)

Zi? whom t may concern: C and C indicato electric conductors oon- Le itknown that l, EMRK W. DEWEY, of nected to the clamps, and which may becon- ;iyracose, in the county of Gnonlago, in the nected with mysuitable source of heavy State New York. inlve invented new and electriccurrent, suoli, for instance, as that de- 55 g iieeul improvements inMethods of Eleetrio scribed ,in my prior patents in metal Working,arilelding, (Cese No. 60,) of which the foilow' No. 402,416, dated April30, 1889, and No.` ing, teken in connection win tile aceompany- 408,875;dated August 13, 1889. eff drawings, is e foil, eiear, and exaet de#Tliecias'gss serve to hold the bars orpi/aces Sempii Y A to. be weldedvand to. convey the current 6o xo' My invention relates to methods orpro thereto. in this oase the said pieces are shown eesrses of formingwelded or lorazed joints oe-- arranged to be united by a lap-weld wheretween two metal pieces or portions of annota their ends meet. Theelectric current is eligect consisting, eesentially, in electricallypassed threnglline pieces between theelamps,

reeting tire mateirial at tile jonction to soften so as to iieat orsoften the metal at the junen 6 r 5 toe same passing a liofivy electricenr tios, as desired. A suitable pressure-elan@ rent fromene sidsio thelier of 'the joint, is applied io press laterallynpon tiiepieees andtheir., .ien tiieniateriaiis eroperiyieat'od', "at ti'e'joint to"orce-togeilieeand ieeepitiio sLiiii-oeiiiixg joint tos tending to conparts in Contact, While Yby means of the han press tv; the s me. dlesjyon the eiamp the joint is Wrenciied or 7o een foam iat tiieoldinai-yelectrio twisted, when sufficiently softened in a inanjoint Y' Weidbecomes weakened if ner the saine or similar to that elio-wn inArel.eai'edp owii'ig 'to ailiniperfeotinterirnit ing; 3, tiros yforminga thoroughly-united joint, er interminL of the atom-f; ol' the instalwhich will stand a very greet strain, even *when tne joint was formed;and llie object oi' when in aheated condition. lVixen the pieces 7 z5 myinvention is to strengthen the joint by inare to be buzzed, brass withborax may be spteriociing the .me oy twisting the metal at plied to thejoint before or wliile elleeting the the junction weile in a healed orsoftened twisting operation. eonortion. Similar letters of'referenceindicate corre-j The apparatus or 'means ior effecting the spendingpartstliroughout the drawings. 8o 3o twistingopeietonppon theWeidingorwelded ln the apparatus shown in Fifi'leiihe clamp jonction.vmay be of any snit-able' eonstrnction, l is arranged movable toward andfrom. the

is prefere-ely the same or simiiar to the other oiemp B, by means of ascrew D, and is devices siiorfnintiie aeeoznpanyiogdrawings, lalsoarranged to be rotated in its support by hereinaitei described. thehandle il. Y 85 5 the dreiifiogsliignre 1 'isa front elevation Betweenthe elalnps B and l is astationan opp-amies suitable for practicing myary insulated pressure-cian@ oi die-press E invention. Fig. il is asectional elevation on for producing littoral pressure upon the joint'iine :e @of Fig. 1. oifr. 3 is a opeeixneu of a dni-ing; the twistingoperation. Whielr is of:

Weid after 'ille operatie i is e front footed byrotating the ciamp B 9ooi anoti rin eli' appriiratns for in orderto forniaweldwiththieappaiatns,

practicing f' shows a port tine pieces to be united are preferablyplaced of Fig. i on line 1/ y. liig. G is e niodiied in contact witheach. otberand in the clamps; forni of the same part. Fig. .is aspecimen Then the cnrrentis passed tllrougiisaldpieeee of 'the work donewith the latter apparatus? to soften them. The dielpress is, loy meansof 95 and Fio- 8 shows a front viewef an apparatus its screw, broughtclose to the joint, but not 1:3. more especially designed for ellootingbuttso as to press the saine tightly, es that would joints by my method.hinder the twisting of the niet-a1 atr the joint Referring specifically'to tliedritti/ings, in between the'dies when the clamp B is ro- Figs. 1and 2, B and ii are clamps orliolders, teted. Then` the said clamp isrotated by roo ro 'iilonotcd upon a oase li and insnlatel'l from. ineensof the handle E, and the jonction or softened part is twisted. '.iliosaid Jointlnay heated.

be completed or finished, if desired, either by moving the clamp B', bymeans of the screw D, toward the other clamps to upset the metal at thejoint between the dies, giving an appearance to the weld similar to thatrepre sented in Fig. 7, or, by eit'eeting greater pressure upon thejunction by means of the press F. Itwill be obvious that this pressuremay be applied in either way simultaneously with the twisting operation,if desired.

Instead of employing a screw-operated press for effecting lateralpressure, such pressure may be applied by hammering, as clearlyillustrated in Fig. (i.

Not only is electric lap-welding improved and strengthened by twistingthe junction while being welded or in a softened condition, butbutt-Welding is also greatly improved by my process as the atoms orfibers of themetal in the parts become more closely united or interwovenone with the other.

.in the apparatus shown in Fig. 8 the rotatable clamps' B is providedwith a screw where it turns in its support, so that the pieces to bewelded are moved together simultaneously with the twisting operationproduced by rotating the clamp by means of lthe handle E. The apparatusshown in Fig. 4 may be also used for butt-welding by using the screw Dto move the pieces together and the rotatable clamp with its handle E totwist the metal. In some cases the clamp B may be rotated rst in onedirection and then in the other.

I prefer to perform the twisting operation while the pieces are stillheated by the current usedin welding, but do not limit myself to sodoing, since obviously the piece might bek allowedto cool and beafterward again heated and then twisted.

i Having described inyinvention,\vl1atl claim 1s- 1. The improvementinelectriewelding, consistingin twisting the material at theweldingjunction While said junction is electrically ersing it with aheavy electric current and then applying a force to twist the metal atthe junction.

' 4. The herein-described method of electric welding, consisting inpassing an electri( current through the metal from one side to the otherof the joint and then applying lateral pressure to the metal at the partwhere the joint is to he formed, together with a force tending to twistsaid part.

5. rllhe herein-described method oi electric Welding, consisting insuitably shaping and lapping the ends of the pieces of metal to beunited, passing an electric current through the pieces from one side tothe other oi. the joint, and then applying pressure or force tending tomove together' the pieces to be welded and to twist them at the point ofunion.

6. The method of electric welding, consistingin applyingtosuitablyguided and clamped pieces to be joined a heavy electric currentat the junction to soften them, and a force to twist and compress thepieces.

7. The method of electric welding, consistingin applying to suitablyguided and clamped pieces to be joined a heavy electric current at thejunction simultaneously with aforce to twist the pieces.

In testimonywhereot` l have hereunto signed my name this 3d day of June,1890.

C; H. DUELL, J. J. LAAS.

